Artha’s E-learning Blog(^.^)

Theories of Learning

Behaviorism

• observable behavior
• conditioning
• cause and effect (in response to a stimulus)
• learning is a modification of behavior by application of stimuli, shaping of responses and the provision of reinforcement.
• practice and feedback
• classic conditioning can also be demonstrated by our ability to generalize our responses to stimuli.
• operant conditioning- ppl learn to behave in ways that help them obtain things they want or avoid things they don’t want (positive and negative re-inforcement)
• ignoring reinforcements, response will die out.
• learner must be able to respond actively
• frequency of repetition
• reinforcement is vital
• generalization suggests the importance of practice in varied situations (learning transfer)
• Immediate feedback of results is strongly motivating
• shaping behavior by the reinforcement of approximate responses is essential in learning new skills.
• feedback straight after or before the next attempt

Cognitivism

• one difference from behaviorism- cares for the process between learning and being able to do the skill
• learning is based on the re-organisation of experiences into systematic and meaningful patterns that lead to problem solving and insight
• Meaningfulness and insight
• use of groupings, pegging, hooking,
• has pre-test to see what they already know and post test

Humanist

• based on cognitive approach but focusing on individuals need seeking personal adequacy, self-esteem  and self-actualisation.
• blend with another

Constructivism

•  schema-mental model build by personal interactions with others, unique to each individual,
• learning highly dependent on prior knowledge
• go over but in more detail each time (spiral)
• take knowledge and apply it into live situations
• no final formal assessment

Social Learning Theory

•  blend with other
• observing and modeling (mentoring)
• experience
• four processes: attention, retention, reproduction, reinforcement

Social Constructivism

• blend of social and constructivism
• http://tip.psychology.org